Đặc điểm sinh thái của loài cây sâm xuyên đá (Myxopyrum smilacifolium (Wall.) Blume) phân bố tại khu vực Đông Nam Bộ, Việt Nam

Abstract

Myxopyrum smilacifolium is a precious medicinal plant species in Vietnam. Nonetheless, the existing studies offered limited information on the ecological characteristics of this plant species. This study provided information on the ecological characteristics of M. smilacifolium species naturally distributed in Dong Nai Nature and Culture Reserve, Binh Chau - Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, and Bu Gia Map National Park. The results demonstrated that: (1) M. smilacifolium was a woody climbing shrub with branches 4-angular, opposite - leaved, bisexual flowers at leaf axils, often occurring clusters, spherical berries, containing one or two seeds, and flowers typically bloom from February through August; (2) The species was mainly distributed in evergreen broadleaved forests, mixed wood - bamboo forests and mixed bamboo - wood forests at altitudes and slopes below 500 m and 15^o with an average temperature range of 25^oC to 27^oC and an average rainfall over 1500 mm/year; (3) The species can be developed on various soil types, including: yellowish - red ferralitic soil derived from ancient alluvium, purple - brown ferralitic soil derived from basalt parent rocks and gray - white to pale - yellow ferralitic soil derived from granite parent rocks, soil layer from thick to medium, soil mechanical composition from light to heavy loam; (4) The density of regenerated trees was quite high, concentrated at height levels below 50 cm and 0.5-1 m; the rate of good - quality regenerated trees in the investigation sites reached over 50%, the regeneration was predominantly via seeds. The findings from this study will help managers have more information about the ecological traits of the M. smilacifolium species to contribute to offering a scientific and practical basis for the conservation and development of medicinal plant resources, serving the socio - economic development of the Southeastern region.